By Andrzej Gorak, Hartmut Schoenmakers
Distillation: Operation and Applications is a unmarried resource of authoritative info on all points of the speculation and perform of recent distillation, appropriate for complicated scholars and pros operating in a laboratory, commercial vegetation, or a managerial ability. It addresses crucial and present study on business distillation, together with all steps in method layout (feasibility learn, modeling, and experimental validation), including operation and keep an eye on features. This quantity gains an additional specialize in distillation applications.
- Practical info at the latest improvement written through famous experts
- Coverage of a major diversity of laboratory and business distillation approaches
- Extensive references for every bankruptcy allows extra study
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Extra info for Distillation: Operation and Applications
Example text
However, changing the fresh feed flow rate has an immediate effect on the reflux drum level. When the drum level drops, the reverse-acting level controller increases the fresh makeup flow rate. This immediately reduces the flow rate of liquid leaving the drum because the flow rate of the total stream is flow controlled. This has the desired effect of increasing the liquid level. 23 is how the reflux flow rates are set. Typically there would be a reflux-to-feed ratio on both columns. The first law of plant-wide control is: It is easy to find a plant-wide control structure that does not work.
What is also true is that are several plant-wide control structures that do work. 23 shows one possibility. 24 shows another. 24 Alternative Plant-Wide Control Structure Red dashed lines indicate control signals. CC, composition controller; FC, flow controller; FOA, flow rate of fresh feed of reactant A; FOB, flow rate of fresh feed of reactant B; LC, level controller; PC, pressure controller. feedback of internal information depends on a composition measurement to detect whether reactant A is accumulating or being depleted in the system.
There is no auxiliary reboiler in the low-pressure column to generate additional vapor boil-up if needed. There is no auxiliary condenser in the HPC to provide additional vapor condensation if needed. In some systems one of these auxiliary heat exchangers is included in the design to provide some operation flexibility and to improve dynamic control. Of course, energy consumption is somewhat higher than in the neat configuration. It might be useful to provide an economic comparison of a single-column system vs a heat-integrated two-column system, with both systems making exactly the same products.